Apple’s Electric-Vehicle Talks With Hyundai Break Down

Apple Inc.’s talks with Hyundai Motor Group have broken down without an agreement for the South Korean auto giant to assemble vehicles for the iPhone company, Hyundai affiliates said Monday.

In regulatory filings, Hyundai Motor Co. and Kia Corp. said they are “not in talks with Apple over developing an autonomous vehicle.” The two auto makers have fielded multiple requests from other firms to jointly develop autonomous electric vehicles, though no initial steps have been determined, according to the regulatory filings.

The companies had held talks with the Cupertino, Calif. technology giant about a deal for Hyundai subsidiary Kia to build vehicles for Apple in Georgia, The Wall Street Journal reported last week. The prospect of an auto partnership had sent the Korean companies’ stocks soaring this year, igniting investor enthusiasm after both Kia and Hyundai had suffered years of slumping car sales.

Shares sank 6% for Hyundai Motor following Monday’s regulatory-filing disclosures, while Kia plunged by more than 13%.

Apple began seeking potential automotive partners late last year as it considers whether it can begin production of a vehicle as soon as 2024. In a rare move for a potential Apple partner, Hyundai in January said it was talking to Apple about a potential cooperation around electric, driverless vehicles. No sooner than it had said so, Seoul-based Hyundai tried to backtrack on the statement.

Kia had begun reaching out to potential partners in recent weeks about making an electric car for the iPhone maker, even without a deal having been locked down, the Journal previously reported.

Apple has flirted with other automotive companies over the years, but without reaching a partnership. Word of its secret car program broke in 2015, stoking excitement for the potential of what new possibilities Apple might bring to the auto market. The interest raised fears among traditional car makers that they’d soon be surpassed—like Nokia Corp. or BlackBerry Ltd. had been after the iPhone’s debut in 2007.

Instead, Apple’s auto effort has been largely unrealized as it has struggled to decide which path it will choose. It has gone through different leadership and approaches since beginning in 2014.

Could a recession be the best time to launch a tech startup?

A recent study suggests that is the case. The authors found that tech startups that began operations during the 2007-09 recession—and received their first patent in that time—tended to last longer than tech startups founded a few years before or after. And those recession-era companies also tended to be more innovative than the rest.

“The effect of macroeconomic trends is not always intuitive,” says Daniel Bias , an assistant professor of finance at Vanderbilt University’s Owen Graduate School of Management, who co-wrote the paper with Alexander Ljungqvist, Stefan Persson Family Chair in Entrepreneurial Finance at the Stockholm School of Economics.

Drawing on data from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, the authors examined a sample of 6,946 tech startups that launched and received their first patent approval between 2002 and 2012.

One group—about 5,734 companies—launched and got their patent outside of the 2007-09 recession. Of those, about 70% made it to their seventh year. But the startups that launched and got their first patent during the recession—about 1,212 companies—were 12% more likely to be in business in their seventh year.

These recession-era firms were also more likely to file a novel and influential patent after their first one. (That is, a patent the researchers determined was dissimilar to patents in the same niche that came before it, but similar to ones that came after it.)

So, why did these recession-era firms outperform their peers? Labor markets played a big role.

A widespread lack of available jobs meant that the startups were able to land more productive and innovative employees, especially in their research and development groups, and then hold on to them. More important, the tight labor markets also meant that the founding inventors—the people named on the very first patent—were more likely to stick around rather than try for opportunities elsewhere.

For startups started during the 2007-09 recession, founding inventors were 25 percentage points less likely to leave their company within the first three years. On average, about 43% of founding inventors in the entire sample left their startup within the first three years.

“Our study really highlights the importance of labor retention for young innovative startups. Retaining founding inventors cannot only help them survive, but also thrive,” Bias says.

Apple’s Electric-Vehicle Talks With Hyundai Break Down

The tech giant began seeking potential automotive partners late last year.

A study suggests that when jobs are hard to come by, the best workers are more available—and stay longer