Singapore Upgrades Full-Year Economic Outlook
The Singapore economy grew 2.9% in the second quarter from a year earlier
3 min
SINGAPORE—Singapore’s economic outlook seems brighter, as resilience in external demand and a recovery in the key electronics sector helps guard against headwinds elsewhere, the trade ministry said as it adjusted the city-state’s growth forecast for the year.
The Singapore economy grew 2.9% in the second quarter from a year earlier, according to revised data from the Ministry of Trade and Industry released on Tuesday. That matched the advance estimate compiled in July and compared with growth of 3.0% in the first quarter.
For the first half of the year, growth averaged 3.0%, the data showed.
Taking into account the performance of the Singapore economy in the first half, as well as global and domestic economic factors, MTI updated its full-year growth forecast to 2.0% to 3.0% from 1.0% to 3.0%.
Expansion in the April-to-June period was driven mainly by the wholesale trade, finance & insurance, and information & communications sectors, the ministry said. The manufacturing sector—a key engine of the economy—shrank in the quarter, largely due to a sharp fall in the volatile pharmaceuticals segment, the data showed. On the bright side, electronics returned to growth, backed by strong demand for smartphones, PCs and AI-related chips, it added.
“Singapore’s external demand outlook is expected to be resilient for the rest of the year. However, downside risks in the global economy remain,” the MTI said.
How other global trading partners fare is key for the trade-reliant economy of Singapore, which is well-placed to benefit from the global tech cycle upturn but exposed to downturns abroad.
A potential headwind could come from a slight slowdown in the U.S. economy, where MTI expects consumption growth to ease as the labor market softens. Growth in other advanced economies like the European Union and Japan is tipped to pick up, however.
Among Singapore’s major trading partners in Asia, MTI sees a slight slowdown in China in the second half of the year as investment growth tapers but thinks the property market will stabilize as government support measures kick in, boosting consumer sentiment. Growth in key Southeast Asian economies is projected to pick up slightly in the second half of the year as domestic demand strengthens, aided further by recoveries in global electronics and tourism demand.
Risks that could put the brakes on Singapore’s economic momentum include geopolitical and trade conflicts, which could hurt business sentiment and drive up production costs. Disruptions to the global disinflation process meanwhile could lead to higher for longer rates and trigger market volatility, MTI said.
“Against this backdrop, Singapore’s manufacturing sector is expected to see a gradual recovery in the second half of the year,” MTI said, expecting electronics to recover strongly.
Singapore’s GDP grew 0.4% on a quarter-over-quarter seasonally adjusted basis in the second quarter, the revised data showed. That matched both the advance estimate for the quarter, and was steady from the 0.4% expansion seen in the first quarter.
Meanwhile, data in a separate release from Enterprise Singapore showed that the city-state’s total merchandise trade expanded by 10% on the year in the second quarter, surging from the 4.8% growth seen in the first quarter.
Non-oil domestic exports slid 6.4% in the second quarter from a high base a year ago, widening the 3.4% decrease seen in the previous quarter, the data showed. Shipments of pharmaceuticals dragged on the results, but electronics grew for the first time in eight quarters.
Enterprise Singapore expects total trade to be supported by high oil prices, and the electronics recovery in the latter half of the year to boost exports, driven by demand in AI servers and consumer devices. Key downside risks for the NODX forecast remain, including a weaker-than-expected recovery in the final months of the year.
“Taking the above into consideration, the 2024 growth forecasts are narrowed to +5.0% to +6.0% for total merchandise trade and to +4.0% to +5.0% for NODX, from the earlier forecasts of +4.0% to +6.0% for both,” it said.
Copyright 2020, Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved Worldwide. LEARN MORE
From making unpopular decisions to learning when to listen, leaders from five businesses reveal what nobody prepared them for — and how running a company has challenged their expectations.
Technology and semiconductor shares fell sharply as investors questioned the debt financing the AI infrastructure boom and confronted higher rates and Chinese competition.
Technology and semiconductor shares fell sharply as investors questioned the debt financing the AI infrastructure boom and confronted higher rates and Chinese competition.
4 minA sharp technology sell-off has exposed a new anxiety on global markets: whether the enormous borrowing behind the artificial-intelligence infrastructure boom can generate sufficient returns as interest rates rise and Chinese competition intensifies.
The artificial-intelligence investment boom has powered technology shares, semiconductor manufacturers and data-centre operators to extraordinary heights. Last week, investors were given a reminder that much of this expansion is being built with borrowed money.
The technology-heavy Nasdaq Composite fell 4.5 per cent over the week ended October 16, its weakest performance since late June. Semiconductor shares suffered an even deeper correction, with the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index losing about 11.4 per cent.
The selling spread quickly through global markets. Micron Technology fell 14.6 per cent over the week, while South Korea’s Samsung Electronics and SK Hynix dropped approximately 18 per cent and 24 per cent respectively.
This was more than a routine bout of profit-taking. Investors were reassessing three interconnected risks: higher interest rates, the rapidly expanding debt burden attached to AI infrastructure and the prospect of stronger competition from Chinese memory-chip manufacturers.
The debt behind the AI build-out
Artificial intelligence requires a physical infrastructure network of enormous scale. Data centres must be built, advanced processors purchased, power supplies secured and cooling systems installed before customers begin generating meaningful revenue from them.
Technology companies are increasingly supplementing their own cash with corporate bonds, syndicated loans, equipment leases, private credit and project-level financing.
JPMorgan describes the emerging funding model as a combination of conventional corporate borrowing and project finance tied to individual data-centre assets. In Australia, the Reserve Bank estimates that syndicated loans accounted for approximately three-quarters of data-centre financing during 2025 and 2026 to date.
The numbers are becoming large enough to affect broader credit markets. The Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas has cited Wall Street estimates suggesting AI-related investment-grade bond issuance could approach US$300 billion in 2026 alone.
That borrowing is not automatically problematic. Debt can be an efficient way to finance long-lived infrastructure when future revenue is sufficiently predictable. The concern is that AI technology, customer demand and computing economics are changing much faster than the repayment schedules attached to the assets.
A data centre financed today may carry debt for years. Investors must therefore make assumptions about future utilisation rates, electricity prices, chip performance, customer concentration and the amount businesses will ultimately pay for AI computing.
When interest rates rise, those assumptions become less forgiving.
Inflation changes the calculation
September’s US inflation data intensified the pressure. Consumer prices increased 3.7 per cent over the year, ahead of market expectations and up from 3.4 per cent in August.
The hotter reading reduced confidence that interest rates would fall quickly and pushed bond yields higher. That matters particularly for companies whose valuations depend on profits expected well into the future, as well as highly leveraged infrastructure operators that may need to refinance.
CoreWeave has emerged as a closely watched test case. The specialist cloud-computing company has accumulated substantial debt and lease obligations to build AI capacity, while relying on a concentrated group of large technology customers.
Its shares fell sharply during the sell-off, while the cost of insuring its debt against default climbed. CoreWeave has argued that its contracted backlog more than covers its obligations and that financial markets do not always understand its business model. Nevertheless, its securities have become a proxy for investor confidence in debt-funded AI infrastructure.
Oracle, another major investor in AI computing capacity, fell 8.8 per cent in Friday trading, while CoreWeave dropped 15.5 per cent.
The question is shifting from how much AI infrastructure can be built to how profitably it can be operated.
China adds another source of pressure
Interest rates were not the only catalyst. Reports of advances by Chinese memory-chip producer ChangXin Memory Technologies raised concerns that lower-cost Chinese products could increase competition across the global semiconductor industry.
Memory chips are essential to AI systems, but the industry is historically cyclical. Periods of tight supply and high pricing can encourage rapid investment, eventually producing oversupply and falling margins.
The prospect of a well-funded Chinese competitor expanding its technological capabilities unsettled investors in Samsung, SK Hynix and Micron. It also demonstrated that AI-related demand does not insulate chipmakers from conventional competitive pressures.
That combination—slower rate cuts, more expensive financing and potentially cheaper supply—challenged the assumption that every company exposed to AI would enjoy continually expanding margins.
A reset rather than the end of the boom
The sell-off does not establish that the AI boom is ending. Demand for computing power remains strong, the largest technology companies continue to generate formidable cash flows and many infrastructure projects are backed by long-term customer contracts.
What has changed is the market’s willingness to overlook the price and financing structure of that growth.
The most resilient companies are likely to be those able to fund investment from operating cash flow, secure long-duration customers and demonstrate that new capacity will earn returns comfortably above its financing costs.
More speculative operators may face greater scrutiny, particularly where debt is expensive, customers are concentrated or expected revenue depends on demand that has not yet materialised.
For Australian investors, the lesson extends beyond US technology shares. Local data-centre operators, infrastructure funds, electricity suppliers and property groups are increasingly exposed to the same investment cycle.
Artificial intelligence may remain one of the defining growth themes of the decade. But last week’s correction showed that enthusiasm for the technology does not eliminate financial discipline.
The next stage of the AI boom will be judged not only by computing power, model performance or demand for chips, but by something more traditional: whether the assets being financed can generate enough cash to repay the money borrowed to build them.
Fact box
Nasdaq Composite: Down 4.5 per cent for the week ended October 16, 2026
Philadelphia Semiconductor Index: Down approximately 11.4 per cent
Micron Technology: Down approximately 14.6 per cent
Samsung Electronics: Down approximately 18 per cent
SK Hynix: Down approximately 24 per cent
US September inflation: 3.7 per cent annually
Estimated 2026 AI-related investment-grade issuance: Approximately US$300 billion
From making unpopular decisions to learning when to listen, leaders from five businesses reveal what nobody prepared them for — and how running a company has challenged their expectations.
The completed penthouse at Park Residences showcases a considered approach to luxury apartment living, combining northern light, curated interiors and the privacy of a whole-floor residence.
