A Drop in Interest Rates Could Boost Renewables
Long-shelved capital-intensive green-energy projects could be dusted off for construction to begin—if everything goes right
Long-shelved capital-intensive green-energy projects could be dusted off for construction to begin—if everything goes right
If the Federal Reserve cuts interest rates in the coming weeks, a friendlier borrowing environment could make all the difference for some mothballed renewable-energy projects.
The returns generated by such projects once they are up and running are often predictable and modest, but because they require a large upfront expenditure, frequently funded in part by debt, they are sensitive to interest-rate fluctuations.
With recent economic data suggesting the Fed has plenty of room to cut, some investors say now is the time to get moving on renewable plans.
Thomas Byrne, chief executive at solar investor CleanCapital, said a drop in interest rates would affect a “not inconsequential amount” of solar developments under consideration. “We have had projects on hold that simply don’t make economic sense for us anymore because the borrowing cost was too high. So those projects will immediately unlock,” he said.
Byrne estimates some of these projects could begin construction by the end of the year and start generating energy next summer.
Solar and wind energy in particular stand to gain from lower borrowing costs, said Srinivasan Santhakumar, principal research analyst with the research firm Wood Mackenzie. “Higher interest rates have disproportionately affected the economics of wind and solar projects,” he said.
An interest-rate increase of 2 percentage points could result in a 20% jump in the cost of producing energy for utility-scale solar power over the life cycle of a project, according to a Wood Mackenzie analysis released in April. In comparison, the same increase might boost the cost of producing energy from gas by 10% to 12%.
Some developers may wait to see a steeper drop before making moves. “It’s definitely a phenomenon, particularly for the more sophisticated, more longer-standing developers who’ve had a history of surfing the ups and downs of the interest-rate spectrum and are also aware of the consequences for their own balance sheet of a long-term interest rate rise,” said Katherine Mogg, managing director at the New York Green Bank, a state-sponsored investment fund that focuses on filling gaps in energy transition financing. Mogg said she expects to see a modest uptick in requests for proposals in the coming months.
The Federal Reserve has signalled a rate cut at its next meeting in September, and most futures investors expect a quarter-percentage-point reduction, according to CME FedWatch. More than three quarters of investors expect the Fed to lower its benchmark rate, now in a range between 5.25% and 5.5%, by at least a full percentage point by year-end.
While a cut in interest rates is a positive for renewables financing, a durable boost for green projects may require a Goldilocks economic scenario in which a cut to borrowing costs don’t coincide with rising fears of a global recession, which could in turn drive investors away from the U.S., said Ron Erlichman, partner at the law firm Linklaters.
“There are a lot of different factors, like the old cliché of ‘headwinds,’ that affect transactions,” he said, adding that large-scale projects such as offshore wind, hydrogen and carbon capture frequently rely on foreign investment.
Fears of unchecked inflation and rampant increases in the cost of materials have cooled down somewhat in the past year, he said, but the looming U.S. election brings a fresh element of uncertainty . While many see a low probability of a full rollback of the Inflation Reduction Act, the legislation that provides game-changing tax breaks for renewables, an executive branch hostile to green energy could slow project permitting or otherwise “nibble at the fringes” of the landmark legislation, as Byrne put it.
“Having done this awhile and seen the cycles in the market, I still remain incredibly optimistic about renewables and energy transition in the United States,” Erlichman said.
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The bank posted unaudited cash earnings for the quarter of A$1.7 billion, down 2% on the average of its prior two quarters
National Australia Bank said that higher credit impairments against business loans contributed to a small fall in its unaudited December quarter cash earnings.
NAB , which is Australia’s second-largest bank by market capitalization, on Wednesday posted unaudited cash earnings for its fiscal first quarter of 1.74 billion Australian dollars, equivalent to about US$1.11 billion.
That was down 2% on the average of its prior two fiscal quarters. NAB did not give a year-earlier comparison.
The lender said that revenue grew by 3% compared with the average of its prior two fiscal quarters. Underlying profit growth of 4% over the same period was offset by higher credit impairment charges and income tax expenses, it added.
NAB, which posted an unaudited quarterly statutory profit of A$1.70 billion, said the A$267 million credit impairment charge included A$152 million of individually assessed charges. Those were mainly against Australian businesses and unsecured retail portfolios, it said.
The individual charges were up by 54% compared with a year earlier. NAB said that it had not altered its economic assumptions and scenario weightings.
“The economic outlook is improving but cost of living and interest rate challenges persisted,” Chief Executive Andrew Irvine said. “While most customers are proving resilient, we have maintained prudent balance sheet settings.”
NAB said it had seen a small decline in net interest margin due to funding costs, lending competition and deposits, partially offset by the benefit of higher interest rates.
On Tuesday, the Reserve Bank of Australia cut the country’s cash rate for the first time since 2020 but warned against expecting subsequent near-term cuts.
NAB is still targeting full fiscal-year productivity savings of more than A$400 million, and for operating expenses to grow by less than 4.5%, Irvine said.
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