CEOs Face More Accountability When a Board Member Has Military Experience
New study finds that CEOs are more likely to be fired for company underperformance if a director has served in the military.
2 min
Chief executives at poorly performing companies are more likely to be fired if at least one of the company’s board members has a military background.
The odds of dismissal for underperformance are even higher if multiple directors on the board have served in the military, according to a recently published study.
The researchers behind the study analyzed 865 publicly listed companies in the U.S. between 2010 and 2020, identifying companies with board members who had served in either the U.S. Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, National Guard or a foreign equivalent. A little more than a quarter of the companies in the sample had such a board member.
The researchers then measured company performance by looking at return on assets, a metric often used to determine how efficiently organizations are using their assets to generate profits.
Shape up or ship out
Across the entire sample, about 2.1% of CEOs were fired when their company was underperforming its peers—that is, its return on assets was two standard deviations from the industry mean. Having a military director on the board raised the dismissal probability to 2.9% compared with companies that had no directors with military experience, two directors increased it to 3.9% and three directors amplified it to 5.2%, the researchers found.
“When firm performance falls below the 20th percentile in an industry, the influence of military directors on CEO dismissal becomes noticeable,” says Stevo Pavicevic , an associate professor at Frankfurt School of Finance and Management in Germany and one of the study’s authors.
To better understand their findings, the researchers interviewed 20 corporate directors with military backgrounds. In the interviews, the researchers found that these board members often place a high premium on personal accountability. “It’s part of the discipline we grew up with in the military,” said one of the directors they interviewed.
The interviews suggest this focus on personal accountability translates into concrete action, such as being more inclined to conduct formal CEO evaluations and blame company-performance shortfalls on the CEO. “It seems that directors with military backgrounds have a different approach to accountability,” says Pavicevic.
Does tenure matter?
In another part of the paper, the researchers explored whether their initial findings would hold up if a CEO were entrenched in the company, meaning the executive had a long tenure, held a lot of stock or also served as board chairman.
They found that CEOs were still more likely to be dismissed for poor performance even when they had long tenures or held a lot of stock when a member of the board had a military background. However, in cases where the CEO was also chairman, the relationship disappeared. Those CEOs weren’t more likely to be dismissed if a member of the board had military experience.
“Being both the CEO and chairman of the board gives the executive a very powerful position and even with the presence of military directors on the board, dismissals won’t be that easy,” says Pavicevic.
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The ASX 200 rose about 0.27% as energy and materials advanced. Woodside and gold miners gained while financials and technology weakened.
2 min
The Australian sharemarket rebounded from its lowest close in three months on Wednesday, with energy and materials companies leading a cautious recovery.
The S&P/ASX 200 finished approximately 23 points, or 0.27 per cent, higher at 8,695.6 on 16 September. A second data source placed the closing index at 8,696.5, up 24 points or 0.28 per cent. The official close should be confirmed through a licensed feed before publication.
The broader All Ordinaries added 25.2 points, or 0.28 per cent, to 8,874.5.
Energy was the strongest sector, rising 2.19 per cent as Australian producers reflected the previous overnight increase in global oil prices. Woodside gained 2.84 per cent. Brent had settled near US$108.75 a barrel before the local session, although it later traded around US$107.68.
Materials advanced 1.28 per cent and provided the largest positive contribution to the index. Gold producers featured prominently among the strongest stocks, with Pantoro rising 9.3 per cent and St Barbara gaining 8.18 per cent. BCI Minerals added 7.48 per cent.
Financials fell 0.37 per cent, detracting from the benchmark despite earlier strength. Rate expectations remained a significant influence after Westpac joined the other major banks in forecasting a possible Reserve Bank increase in November. Higher rates can expand bank margins in some circumstances but also raise funding costs and increase the risk of loan stress and slower credit growth.
Technology remained weak. Life360 declined 5.46 per cent, while healthcare names that had rallied during Tuesday’s sell-off gave back ground. 4DMedical lost 5.35 per cent and Telix Pharmaceuticals fell 4.96 per cent.
James Hardie dropped 5.23 per cent. Codan moved against the weaker technology tone, gaining 7.51 per cent.
The session produced positive breadth, with more advancers than decliners among the largest 250 stocks, but the broader backdrop remains unsettled. Oil prices have revived inflation concerns, bond yields are elevated and investors are assessing the prospect of further monetary tightening in Australia and the United States.
The rebound therefore recovered only part of Tuesday’s 0.9 per cent decline. For Thursday, investors will be watching overnight central-bank developments, energy markets and whether gains can broaden beyond resources.
Market dashboard — 16 September 2026
S&P/ASX 200* Approximately 8,695.6, up 23.1 points or 0.27 per cent; verify the official closing print
All Ordinaries: 8,874.5, up 25.2 points or 0.28 per cent
Best-performing sector: Energy, up 2.19 per cent
Materials: Up 1.28 per cent
Weak sector: Financials, down 0.37 per cent
Leading mover: Pantoro, up 9.30 per cent
Notable large-cap mover: Woodside, up 2.84 per cent
Notable loser: Sunrise Energy Metals, down 6.22 per cent
Life360: Down 5.46 per cent
Australian dollar: About US71.3 cents in the preceding market snapshot
Gold: Approximately US$4,375 an ounce in the afternoon snapshot
Brent crude: Approximately US$107.68 a barrel in the afternoon snapshot
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