Australian construction and property industries tackle modern slavery
On the international day of remembrance of victims of slavery, new research reveals the lengths Australian property and construction businesses are going to to end the scourge
3 min
Concerns about modern slavery usually focus on the garment and technology sectors but new research in Australia has focused on ways of identifying and dealing with the scourge in construction supply chains.
The Property Sector’s Modern Slavery Act Response Research Project is a joint project between Bond University, Better Sydney and Informed 365, an Australian tech company focused on monitoring compliance and supply chain transparency under the Australian Modern Slavery Act 2018.
The Act mandates annual reporting for companies with revenues of more than $100 million. The Global Slavery Index 2022 estimates that modern slavery accounts for nearly 50 million worldwide. Since the Act was introduced, company boards have been held responsible for public statements made by their companies on their abilities to assess and manage the risk of modern slavery in supply chains. The construction industry is considered to be particularly vulnerable thanks to the lack of visibility over long and complex supply chains, as well as the high demand for a low-skill labour force.
The research project, released to coincide with the International Day of Remembrance for the Victims of Slavery, was tasked with examining the Australian industry’s ability to cope with assessing and managing reports of slavery in the supply chain. It follows on from the launch of the Property Council Supplier Platform in 2019 by the Property Council of Australia and Informed 365 to provide a digital platform for the local property and construction sector to collect, compare and understand supply chain data on human rights and modern slavery.
Supply chain slavery issues are notoriously complex to identify but Property Council national policy director Francesca Muskovic said modern slavery in construction impacts millions of people in Australia and abroad and needed to be addressed at a national level.
“Our industry provides jobs for more than 1.4 million Australians – more than mining and manufacturing combined. This extensive influence places us in a unique position to address the social impacts of our activities and improve people’s lives,” Ms Muskovic said.
She said despite the challenges, the Australian construction and property industry sought to improve human rights outcomes both here and overseas.
“Our supply chains are geographically diverse, multi-tiered and complex. Understanding the human rights and modern slavery risks within them is essential in helping the industry make their supply chains more ethical and sustainable,” Ms Muskovic said.
“The property sector has forged a world-leading position on environmental sustainability, and it is pleasing to see leaders continue to step up their efforts on social sustainability.”
The research revealed that while 88 percent of suppliers to Australia’s leading construction and property firms understand what modern slavery is and 44 percent reported they had processes in place if a human rights incident or modern slavery was identified, smaller firms were less prepared.
“Many smaller firms were not aware of supply chain issues due to a lack of engagement, resources or audits, so there were mixed results in terms of supply chain mapping and risk assessment,” said Robin Mellon, CEO of Better Sydney, Board member for the UN Global Compact Network Australia, and Project Manager for the Property Council’s Human Rights and Modern Slavery Working Group.
“The report found 56 percent of suppliers who assessed their supply chains beyond their own immediate suppliers found some human rights issues or concerns, showing how important it is to investigate all levels of supply chains.”
Designed to better understand the challenges, strengths and opportunities for the property sector to improve its response to slavery, the research is part of Australia’s ongoing contribution to eradicating it worldwide.
Mr Mellon said access to resource materials are key to helping property and construction businesses stay informed.
“There are now excellent learning materials available through the Property Council, the UN Global Compact Network Australia, and anti-slavery organisations to help engage, educate and support suppliers towards continuous improvement,” he said.
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This may be contributing to continually rising weekly rents
2 min
There has been a substantial increase in the number of Australians earning high incomes who are renting their homes instead of owning them, and this may be another element contributing to higher market demand and continually rising rents, according to new research.
The portion of households with an annual income of $140,000 per year (in 2021 dollars), went from 8 percent of the private rental market in 1996 to 24 percent in 2021, according to research by the Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute (AHURI). The AHURI study highlights that longer-term declines in the rate of home ownership in Australia are likely the cause of this trend.
The biggest challenge this creates is the flow-on effect on lower-income households because they may face stronger competition for a limited supply of rental stock, and they also have less capacity to cope with rising rents that look likely to keep going up due to the entrenched undersupply.
The 2024 ANZ CoreLogic Housing Affordability Report notes that weekly rents have been rising strongly since the pandemic and are currently re-accelerating. “Nationally, annual rent growth has lifted from a recent low of 8.1 percent year-on-year in October 2023, to 8.6 percent year-on-year in March 2024,” according to the report. “The re-acceleration was particularly evident in house rents, where annual growth bottomed out at 6.8 percent in the year to September, and rose to 8.4 percent in the year to March 2024.”
Rents are also rising in markets that have experienced recent declines. “In Hobart, rent values saw a downturn of -6 percent between March and October 2023. Since bottoming out in October, rents have now moved 5 percent higher to the end of March, and are just 1 percent off the record highs in March 2023. The Canberra rental market was the only other capital city to see a decline in rents in recent years, where rent values fell -3.8 percent between June 2022 and September 2023. Since then, Canberra rents have risen 3.5 percent, and are 1 percent from the record high.”
The Productivity Commission’s review of the National Housing and Homelessness Agreement points out that high-income earners also have more capacity to relocate to cheaper markets when rents rise, which creates more competition for lower-income households competing for homes in those same areas.
ANZ CoreLogic notes that rents in lower-cost markets have risen the most in recent years, so much so that the portion of earnings that lower-income households have to dedicate to rent has reached a record high 54.3 percent. For middle-income households, it’s 32.2 percent and for high-income households, it’s just 22.9 percent. ‘Housing stress’ has long been defined as requiring more than 30 percent of income to put a roof over your head.
While some high-income households may aspire to own their own homes, rising property values have made that a difficult and long process given the years it takes to save a deposit. ANZ CoreLogic data shows it now takes a median 10.1 years in the capital cities and 9.9 years in regional areas to save a 20 percent deposit to buy a property.
It also takes 48.3 percent of income in the cities and 47.1 percent in the regions to cover mortgage repayments at today’s home loan interest rates, which is far greater than the portion of income required to service rents at a median 30.4 percent in cities and 33.3 percent in the regions.
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