Why living 80s style would mean we’d need 1.2 million fewer homes
The housing crisis could be addressed without the need for more dwellings, the RBA assistant governor says
The housing crisis could be addressed without the need for more dwellings, the RBA assistant governor says
The Reserve Bank assistant governor says how we live now is contributing to the housing shortage.
The National Housing Accord announced by the Albanese Government aims to build 1.2 million new well located homes over the next five years, starting from 1 July. The Accord is an agreement between the Federal Government and the states and territories to work together to raise the supply of homes. It begins with $3.5 billion in federal funding and the states and territories undertaking expedited zoning, planning and land releases to facilitate new building.
All of this is happening amid a housing crisis that has seen rents and home values both skyrocket by more than 40 percent since August 2020, according to CoreLogic data. Demand for social housing is also high, while post pandemic immigration has put further pressure on the market, and dwelling approvals per capita are at decade-lows amid high interest rates and higher materials and labour costs.
But there’s another way to fix it, says RBA assistant governor Sarah Hunter. We could just go back to living like we did in the 1980s. Back then, households were larger in size. That is, the number of people per household was higher at 2.8 people per home compared to 2.5 now. That may not sound like much of a difference, but Ms Hunter says if we reverted to this we’d need 1.2 million fewer homes right now.
In a speech last week on housing market cycles and fundamentals, Ms Hunter said that underlying demand for housing – be it rental or ownership – is determined by the size of our population, currently 27 million, and the average number of people living in each of our 11 million homes.
Ms Hunter said Australia typically has faster population growth than other advanced countries, driven by net overseas migration. In FY23, new overseas migration totalled more than half a million people. She also said the size of Australian households has been trending lower over the long term, mainly due to demographic factors. These include an ageing population, which means we have more elderly Australians living alone or in couple-only households; as well as a falling birth rate, which is reducing the average family size.
While the demographic trends that drive housing demand tend to occur slowly, the pandemic sped them up. “During the pandemic, there was a shift in preferences towards more physical living space per person ... This was particularly the case for people who shared a home with non-family members, such as young people living in a flat share,” Ms Hunter said. “This group shrank as a proportion of households, while the share living with their partner increased – as a result, the average household size declined.”
She added: “The shift to working from home has also reinforced this change. While some people have returned to their workplace full time, there has been an increase in the proportion of people working from home – for many, a home office space is now highly desirable. This suggests that the recent falls in the average number of people per home will be at least partially permanent.”
When housing demand rises, supply usually responds through new building activity. But the time this takes can vary, depending on rental and housing prices, underlying construction costs and the time required to design, approve and build. In the meantime, property prices and rents adjust in line with the extent of the demand and supply imbalance.
“The pandemic period – and its aftermath – stands out as a particularly sharp cycle,” Ms Hunter said. Growth in demand for new dwellings slowed rapidly in 2020 before rebounding strongly, partly due to the HomeBuilder program. But supply did not respond normally, with completions trending lower over the past five years due to a “perfect storm” of challenges in the construction sector.
They began with COVID-related supply chain disruptions that made it difficult to source materials, fixtures and fittings. Materials and labour costs went up, and a combination of shipping delays and labour shortages significantly extended building timelines. Today, supply chains have normalised but costs remain nearly 40% higher than in 2019 and the pipeline of new builds is clogged.
Additionally, major new projects are typically funded by debt, so higher interest rates are also reducing the viability of new builds. Many developers have delayed projects because of higher costs relative to anticipated returns. Meriton founder Harry Triguboff recently told The Australian that government and council approvals take too long and “it is harder to sell apartments now than ever before” due to high interest rates and fewer Chinese buyers.
Ms Hunter said easing zoning and planning restrictions and streamlining approval processes could reduce costs and lift supply but “it will not be a quick fix”. She concluded: “… upward pressure on rents and prices will remain until new supply comes online”.
International AI strategist Justin Kabbani will headline the Kanebridge Property Summit in Sydney on June 18, with tickets selling fast.
Scotch whisky expert, luxury hospitality strategist and Keeper of the Quaich inductee Ross Blainey is bringing a new philosophy of luxury experiences to Citizen Kanebridge.
International AI strategist Justin Kabbani will headline the Kanebridge Property Summit in Sydney on June 18, with tickets selling fast.
Artificial intelligence is rapidly reshaping business, investment and competitive advantage, and now Australia’s property industry is being told it cannot afford to sit on the sidelines.
International keynote speaker and AI strategist Justin Kabbani will headline the Kanebridge Property Summit at RACA Sydney on June 18, bringing rare insight into how forward-thinking property professionals can use AI to move faster, make smarter decisions and gain a serious edge in an increasingly competitive market.

Tickets to the exclusive summit are already selling fast.
Having worked with global brands including Uber, PepsiCo, Mattel and Destination NSW, Kabbani has become one of the leading voices on how businesses can turn AI from a buzzword into a genuine commercial advantage.
Known for his high-energy and highly practical presentations, Kabbani cuts through the hype surrounding AI and focuses on what actually matters: productivity, growth, leadership and real-world business results.
His keynote will explore how AI is already transforming industries globally, and what property developers, investors, agents and business leaders need to understand now to avoid being left behind.
Importantly, the session is designed to be practical, not theoretical.
Attendees will hear how AI can be applied across marketing, sales, operations and decision-making to improve efficiency, sharpen strategy and create new competitive advantages in a rapidly changing business environment.
The summit will also feature an exclusive roundtable bringing together leading property and finance experts for a candid, off-the-record Q&A exploring the forces shaping investment, development and wealth creation across Australia’s prestige property market.
The event follows the success of last year’s sold-out summit and will once again be hosted by respected MC John Alten.
With AI becoming one of the biggest disruptors facing business, the June 18 summit is expected to attract strong interest from property professionals, investors and business leaders looking to stay ahead of the curve.
The followings are included in every ticket:
Tickets are limited and selling quickly and you can buy here.
Three-Michelin-starred chef Massimiliano Alajmo will host an intimate Mediterranean sailing aboard Crystal Serenity, redefining fine dining at sea.
The grand harbourside residence combines sweeping Sydney Heads views, resort-style entertaining and refined designer finishes with a reported $36 million price guide.