America’s Empty Apartments Are Finally Starting to Fill Up

The biggest apartment construction boom in four decades flooded the market with new supply over the past two years. Apartment owners had to contend with a surge in empty units.

That is starting to change.

The vacancy rate, or the share of apartment units that are empty, stopped rising for the first time in three years last quarter, as demand for apartments rose to its highest levels since 2021, according to CoStar .

The more than 1.2 million new apartment units that were built during the past two years are filling up. If that demand is sustained, if the economy remains strong and if housing prices remain near record highs, landlords likely will have more pricing power starting sometime next year. That could allow building owners to raise rents more than they have recently.

Some 672,000 new apartment units will have been completed by the end of this year, but only about half that number is expected in 2025, and even fewer in 2026, CoStar said.

“The worst of the pressures on pricing from new supply are likely behind us,” said Eric Bolton , chief executive of publicly traded landlord Mid-America Apartment Communities , on an October earnings call.

Housing affordability has become a hot-button election issue at the federal and local levels. Any sign that rents are poised to rise in 2025 could intensify pressure on the new administration to address housing costs. President Biden announced a plan over the summer to cap rent increases, though it would need to pass Congress.

Nationally, sales of apartment buildings have also started to pick up again, as investors become more confident that the market is bottoming and sellers are more willing to acquiesce on price.

Renters were hit hard by the historically high rent increases during the pandemic years, especially in Sunbelt cities, such as Phoenix and Tampa, Fla., where rents rose 20% or more during 12-month periods.

Rents for new leases nationwide have held close to flat for more than a year. That is due in part to a big split between supply-heavy Sunbelt cities, some of which have seen rent cuts, and the rest of the country, which hasn’t.

Renters who choose to renew their leases were still paying a 3.5% rent increase on average as of this past August, the most recent month data was available from Yardi Matrix.

Throughout this year, the places with the highest renewal rent growth have been on the coasts and in the Midwest. New York City, Los Angeles, Indianapolis and Columbus, Ohio, saw renewal rent increases of 5% or more in July, according to Yardi.

Increased return to office orders in major employment hubs may also start translating into even more urban rental demand soon, especially in coastal cities.

In Seattle, Equity Residential said in an October earnings call that it is seeing a pickup in leasing from Amazon employees, who are locking in apartments ahead of a five-day office attendance policy, scheduled to begin in January.

On the flip side is Austin, Texas, which has experienced a building boom after companies such as Tesla and Oracle moved offices there. Austin’s vacancy rate, if new buildings are included, is the highest in the country at over 15%, according to CoStar.

Rent growth for new leases in the Texas capital ranks last among major metros during the past year. Landlords of new luxury buildings are still offering big concessions, such as months of free rent, to fill up units. undefined undefined “Basically, the worst apartment market in the country right now is Austin,” said Matt Rosenthal , managing partner of multifamily investor Eastham Capital.

On an annual basis, apartment building sales have grown for two consecutive quarters, according to MSCI Real Assets. Places seeing some of the biggest increases in sales include Denver, San Francisco and the Washington, D.C. suburbs.

Apartment companies also continue to feel tailwinds from renters locked out of homeownership. Major owners have remarked on how few of their renters move out to purchase homes now, amid some of the worst conditions for home-purchase affordability in four decades. That is unlikely to change much in 2025.

“Probably the biggest story this year that we’ve seen [is] from people coming in the front door and then not leaving [out] the back door,” said Joe Fisher , president of publicly traded apartment owner UDR .

OTTAWA–The nascent recovery in Canada’s housing market has become a casualty of the trade dispute with the U.S.

The latest national home-resale data are due out Tuesday, but early indications from several big regional real-estate boards suggest March was overall another down month as many prospective buyers exercised caution.

The recent weakness in home sales has dimmed the previously brighter outlook for the property market coming into 2025, when buyers were encouraged by the Bank of Canada’s aggressive interest-rate cuts.

“The chills the U.S. trade war has sent through participants in the housing market are getting frostier,” said Robert Hogue , assistant chief economist at Royal Bank of Canada.

Hogue said resales are down materially in a number of markets two months running, and home prices in several markets are coming under pressure as inventories rise. And although Canada was spared additional levies when President Trump unveiled so-called reciprocal tariffs on dozens of countries earlier this month, no meaningful rebound is likely so long as trade uncertainty lingers, he said.

Home buyers in Toronto, Canada’s most populous city and the country’s financial hub, aren’t turning up for the usual spring pickup in property-market activity.

Sales in the Greater Toronto Area slumped 23.1% in March from a year earlier, as new listings for the region jumped close to 29%, according to the Toronto Regional Real Estate Board. That marked the worst month of resales since 1998.

The board’s chief information officer, Jason Mercer , said many potential home buyers were likely taking a wait-and-see approach given the economic worries as well as a pending federal election. “Homebuyers need to feel their employment situation is solid before committing to monthly mortgage payments over the long term,” he said, adding that ownership has become more affordable and prices in the area fell about 3.8% year on year in March.

Uncertainty is also weighing on the housing market in Calgary, the biggest city in oil-rich Alberta. The city’s real-estate board said realtors reported a 19% drop in sales of existing homes from last year, with a similar trend of improving supply and a sharp increase in the average number of days that homes were on the market.

On the West Coast, home sales registered in the metro Vancouver area of British Columbia were the lowest for March since 2019, falling 13.4% on a year earlier and coming in close to 37% below the 10-year seasonal average, while active listings continued to rise.

There are some areas of resilience. The Quebec Professional Association of Real Estate Brokers said total sales in the province were up 9% year on year in March. Still, RBC’s Hogue estimated Montreal sales in March were down about 15% from December seasonally adjusted, effectively rolling back the advance since the end of last summer.

The most recent national data for the country, from the Canadian Real Estate Association, showed resales dropped 9.8% month over month in February, when homebuyers may also have been put off by harsh winter storms in parts of the country. That marked the sharpest fall since May 2022 and brought the level of sales to their lowest level since November 2023, snapping signs that activity had been picking up in recent months.

Rishi Sondhi , an economist at Toronto-Dominion Bank, in a recent report estimated the country was tracking toward a double-digit quarterly decline in Canadian home sales and a mid-single-digit drop in Canadian average home prices for the first three months of 2025. That is much weaker than a pre-Trump inauguration forecast made in December that projected a loosening in federal mortgage rules, lower interest rates and continued economic growth would fuel a modest gain in sales and prices.

Central-bank officials are set to decide Wednesday on monetary policy, but they have signaled a cautious approach to rates as they balance the prospect of tariffs stoking price pressures against the likelihood that they will dampen demand and weigh on the economy. That could mean the Bank of Canada will pause after seven straight cuts to its policy rate.

Housing is a hot topic for party leaders campaigning ahead of the April 28 election, with both the incumbent Liberal Party and opposition Conservatives proposing tax cuts and incentives to encourage buyers and builders.

The outlook for new homes has also dimmed with the tariff threat. The value of residential-building permits issued in February fell 2.9% from a month prior, adding to a retreat in January that took back some of the surge in intentions in the final month of last year, Statistics Canada data last week showed.

America’s Empty Apartments Are Finally Starting to Fill Up

If that demand is sustained, landlords likely will have more pricing power starting sometime next year

Early indications from several big regional real-estate boards suggest March was overall another down month.